Theory/Model: TPB
- Description
- Diagram
- Constructs
- Contexts
- Indicators by construct
Theory of Planned Behavior
The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was initially proposed by Ajzen (1985), and later gained prominence when it was published (Ajzen, 1991). This theory originates in the area of social psychology (Taylor & Todd, 1995c), and is an extension of the Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980; Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975), made necessary from the limitations of the original model in dealing with behaviors over which people have incomplete volitional control (Ajzen, 1991). The TPB proposes that the intention of an individual to have a given behavior can be explained with precision by the attitude that the individual has to the behavior, by a set of subjective norms, and by the perception about the control of the behavior by the individual (Ajzen, 1991).
References: (Ajzen, 1985; Ajzen, 1991; Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980; Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975; Taylor & Todd, 1995c)
Note: This diagram only contains the constructs proposed in the original theory/model.
Note: This list contains not only the constructs proposed in the original theory/model but also the constructs proposed by the authors that applied the theory/model in a particular context.
Note: This list contains the contexts were the theory/model was used/applied.
| Anti-Spyware |
| Not Specified |
| e-Commerce |
Note 1: This list contains not only the constructs proposed in the original theory/model but also the constructs proposed by the authors that applied the theory/model in a particular context.
Note 2: Are only presented the constructs that are described in the literature in terms of indicators.
Note 2: Are only presented the constructs that are described in the literature in terms of indicators.
- Construct: Attitude Towards the Behavior
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) For me, cleaning spyware from my computer would be. Scale 1 to 5, Very Bad Idea to Very Good Idea Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) For me, preventing spyware from self-installing on my computer would be. Scale 1 to 5, Very Bad Idea to Very Good Idea Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) For me, protecting my computer from spyware would be. Scale 1 to 5, Very Bad Idea to Very Good Idea Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) All things considered, using the system is a foolish move...wise move. Scale 0 to 10 Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) All things considered, using the system is a negative step...positive step. Scale 0 to 10 Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) All things considered, using the system is a ineffective idea...effective idea. Scale 0 to 10 Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) Using the system is a (bad/good) idea. Scale 1 to 7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009) Using the system is a (foolish/wise) idea. Scale 1 to 7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009) I (dislike/like) the idea of using the system. Scale 1 to 7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009) Using the system is (unpleasant/pleasant). Scale 1 to 7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009)
- Construct: Attitude toward Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) For me, getting information about this product from this website within the next 30 days would be. Scale 1 to 7, Very Bad to Good Idea e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, getting information about this product from this website within the next 30 days would be. Scale 1 to 7, Very Foolish to Wise e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Awareness
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I follow news and developments about the spyware technology. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I discuss with friends and people around me security issues of Internet. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I read about the problems of malicious software intruding Internet users’ computers. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I seek advice on computer web sites or magazines about anti-spyware products. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I am aware of the spyware problems and consequences. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev & Hu, 2007)
- Construct: Behavior
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Not Specified Not Specified Not Specified
- Construct: Controllability
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I have the skill and resources to clean spyware from my computer. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I have the skill and resources to protect my computer from spyware. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) Whether or not to clean spyware from my computer is completely under my control. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007)
- Construct: Controllability over Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) All necessary resources for getting information about this product from this website will be accessible to me within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Getting information about this product from this website within the next 30 days is completely under my control. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Download Delay
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I expect the speed by which this website would provide information to be fast enough. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) The speed by which a website provides information would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to get information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) I expect the rate at which the information would be displayed on this website to be fast enough. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) A fast rate at which websites display information would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to get information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Facilitating Conditions
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I have the human and technological resources necessary to use the system. Scale 0 to 10, Disagree Completely to Agree Completely Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) I have the knowledge necessary to use the system. Scale 0 to 10, Disagree Completely to Agree Completely Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) A specific person (or group) is available for assistance with system difficulties. Scale 0 to 10, Disagree Completely to Agree Completely Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009)
- Construct: Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) During the last 30 days, I got information about this product from this website. Yes or No e-Commerce
- Construct: Getting Information Habit
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Getting product information from this vendor’s website has become a habit for me. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Getting product information from this website has become natural for me. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Getting Information Skills
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) If I wanted to, I could become skillful at comparing and evaluating products on this website. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Becoming skillful would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to get information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) If I wanted to, I could easily become knowledgeable about getting all relevant information about products from this website. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Becoming knowledgeable about getting information would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to get all relevant information about this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Intention
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I intend to periodically use anti-spyware applications to protect my computer from spyware. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) In the immediate future I intend to customize my browser and computer settings to prevent the intrusion of spyware to my computer. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I intend to periodically check my browser and computer settings to prevent the intrusion of spyware to my computer. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I intend to continue using this system to solve various problems. Scale 0 to 10, Not at All to Very Much Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) I intend to continue using this system to justify my decisions. Scale 0 to 10, Not at All to Very Much Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) I intend to continue using this system to exchange with other people. Scale 0 to 10, Not at All to Very Much Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) I intend to continue using this system to plan or follow-up on my tasks. Scale 0 to 10, Not at All to Very Much Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) I intend to continue using this system to coordinate with others. Scale 0 to 10, Not at All to Very Much Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) I intend to continue using this system to serve customers. Scale 0 to 10, Not at All to Very Much Not Specified (Titah & Barki, 2009) Assuming I had access to the system, I intend to use it. Likert 1-7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009) Given that I had access to the system, I predict that I would use it. Likert 1-7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009)
- Construct: Intentions to Get Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I intend to get information about this product from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) I plan to get information about this product from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Monetary Resources
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I expect to have the money needed to purchase this product from this Web vendor within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Having the money needed to purchase products would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) It would be within my budget to purchase this product from this Web vendor within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Being within my budget would make it (much more difficult/ easier) for me to purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Past Experience – Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) How long have you been using the Internet for getting information about products? ____ years. Direct Answer e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) During the last 30 days, how much time did you spend on the Internet getting product information in general? ____ hours. Direct Answer e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) During the last year, how many times have you made product purchases from the selected Web vendor? _____ times. Direct Answer e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Past Experience – Purchasing
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) During the last year, how many times have you made product purchases from the Internet in general? ____times. Direct Answer e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) During the last year, how much have you approximately spent on Internet purchases? $ ____. Direct Answer e-Commerce During the last year, how many times have you made product purchases from the selected Web vendor? ____ times. Direct Answer e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Perceived Behavioral Control
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Please rate the difficulty for you to clean spyware from your computer using anti-spyware applications. Scale 1 to 5, Extremely difficult to Extremely easy Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) Please rate the difficulty for you to protect your computer from spyware. Scale 1 to 5, Extremely difficult to Extremely easy Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I have control over using the system. Likert 1-7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009) I have the resources necessary to use the system. Likert 1-7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009) I have the knowledge necessary to use the system. Likert 1-7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009) Given the resources, opportunities and knowledge it takes to use the system, it would be easy for me to use the system. Likert 1-7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009) The system is not compatible with other systems I use. Likert 1-7 Not Specified (Kim, 2009)
- Construct: Perceived Behavioral Control over Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Please rate the difficulty of you getting information about this product from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Difficult to Easy e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Perceived Behavioral Control over Purchasing
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Please rate the difficulty of you purchasing this product from this Web vendor within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Difficult to Easy e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Perceived Diagnosticity
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I expect this website to help me get a real feel for this product. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Being able to get a real feel for a product would make it (much more difficult/ easier) for me to purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) I expect this website to help me carefully evaluate this product. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Being able to carefully evaluate a product would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Perceived Ease of Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Getting information about this product from this website would be easy. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, getting product information easily from a website is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Learning how to get information about this product from this website would be easy. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, learning how to get product information easily from a website is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Perceived Ease of Purchasing
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Purchasing this product from this website would be easy. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, purchasing products easily from a Web vendor is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Learning how to purchase this product from this Web vendor would be easy. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, learning how to purchase products easily from a Web vendor is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Perceived Ease of Use
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) The process of configuring my computer to protect from spyware is clear and understandable. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) It would be easy for me to prevent spyware from running on my computer. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) It would be easy for me to clean my computer from spyware. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007)
- Construct: Perceived Information Protection
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I expect my personal information to be adequately protected when I purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) An adequate protection of my personal information would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to purchase this product from this vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) I feel secure that my personal information is kept private when I purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Feeling secure that personal information is kept private would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Perceived Purchasing Usefulness
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) This website would be useful in purchasing this product. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, a website that is useful in purchasing products is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) This website would enhance my effectiveness in purchasing this product. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, a website that enhances my effectiveness in purchasing products is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Perceived Usefulness
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I believe it is beneficial to protect my computer from spyware. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I believe protecting from spyware will enhance my effectiveness in working with computer. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I believe cleaning spyware off my computer will enhance my effectiveness in working with computer. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev & Hu, 2007)
- Construct: Perceived Usefulness of Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) This website would be useful for getting valuable information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, getting valuable information about a product from a website is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) This website would enhance my effectiveness in getting useful information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, getting useful information about a product from a website is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Product Value
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Purchasing this product from this Web vendor would save me money within the next 30 days: (Extremely unlikely/likely). Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, saving money within the next 30 days is: (Not at all /Extremely important). Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) I would purchase this product from this Web vendor at a bargain price within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, getting products at bargain prices within the next 30 days is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Purchasing
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) During the last 30 days, I purchased this product from this Web vendor. Yes or No e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Purchasing Attitude
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) For me, purchasing this product from this Web vendor within the next 30 days would be. Scale 1 to 7, Very Bad to Good Idea e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, purchasing this product from this Web vendor within the next 30 days would be. Scale 1 to 7, Very Undesirable to Desirable e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Purchasing Controllability
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) All necessary resources for purchasing this product from this Web vendor will be accessible to me within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Purchasing this product from this Web vendor will be completely under my control within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Purchasing Habit
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Getting product information from this vendor’s website has become a habit for me. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Getting product information from this website has become natural for me. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Purchasing Intentions
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I intend to purchase this product from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) I plan to purchase this product from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Purchasing Self-Efficacy
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) If I wanted to, I would be able to purchase this product from this Web vendor within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) If I wanted to, I am confident I could purchase this product from this Web vendor within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Purchasing Skills
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) If I wanted to, I could become skillful at making good product purchasing decisions on the Web. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Becoming skillful at making good purchasing decisions on the Web would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) If I wanted to, I could easily become knowledgeable about purchasing products on the Web. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Becoming knowledgeable about Web purchasing would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Purchasing Subjective Norm
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Most people who are important to me think that it is fine to purchase a product from this Web vendor within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Completely True e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Most people who are important to me would purchase this product from this Web vendor. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Completely True e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Self-Efficacy
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I am confident that I can clean spyware off my system. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I am confident I can prevent unauthorized intrusion to my computer. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) I believe I can configure my computer to provide good protection from spyware. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev & Hu, 2007)
- Construct: Self-Efficacy over Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) If I wanted to, I would be able to get information about this product from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) If I wanted to, I am confident I could get information about this product from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Subjective Norm
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Most people who are important to me think it is a good idea to clean spyware from my computers. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) Most people who are important to me think it is a good idea to prevent spyware from running on my computer. Scale 1 to 5, Completely Disagree to Agree Anti-Spyware (Dinev, Goo, Hu, & Nam, 2009) (Dinev & Hu, 2007) People who are important to me think that I should use the system. Likert 1-7 and Scale 0 to 10, Disagree Completely to Agree Completely Not Specified (Kim, 2009) (Titah & Barki, 2009) People who influence me think that I should use the system. Likert 1-7 and Scale 0 to 10, Disagree Completely to Agree Completely Not Specified (Kim, 2009) (Titah & Barki, 2009)
- Construct: Subjective Norm on Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) Most people who are important to me think it is a good idea to get information about this product from this website. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Completely True e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Most people who are important to me would get information about this product from this website. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Completely True e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Time Resources
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I expect to have the time needed to get information from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Having the time needed would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to get information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) There would always be time for me to get information from this website within the next 30 days. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Finding time would make it (much more difficult/easier) for me to get information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Trust – Getting Information
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) This Web vendor would be competent in providing objective information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, getting objective product information from a website is: (Not at all/Extremely important). Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) This Web vendor would be honest in providing accurate information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, getting accurate product information from a website is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Trust – Purchasing
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) This Web vendor would be competent in delivering this product in a timely fashion. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, product delivery in a timely fashion is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) This Web vendor would be honest in its dealings when I purchase this product from it. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, a Web vendor that is honest in its dealings with its customers is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) This Web vendor would not seek to take advantage of me if I purchase this product from it. Scale 1 to 7, Extremely Unlikely to Likely e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) For me, a Web vendor that does not seek to take advantage of its customers is. Scale 1 to 7, Not at All to Extremely important e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Web Vendor Reputation
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) This Web vendor has a good reputation in the marketplace. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)
- Construct: Website Navigability
Indicator Scale Context Reference(s) I expect the sequencing of hyperlinks in this website to be clear. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) Having a clear sequence of hyperlinks would make it (much more difficult/ easier) for me to get information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) I expect the layout of this website to be intuitive. Scale 1 to 7, Strongly Disagree to Agree e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006) A website with an intuitive layout would make it (much more difficult/ easier) for me to get information about this product. Scale 1 to 7, Much More Difficult to Easier e-Commerce (Pavlou & Fygenson, 2006)