ISRI - Information Systems Research Indicators

Theory/Model: MM

Description
Diagram
Constructs
Contexts
Indicators by construct

Motivational Model

The Motivational Model (MM) was presented by Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw (1992) in the context of the use of technology. The MM theorizes that extrinsic and intrinsic motivation are the main drivers of an individual's intention to perform a given behavior, and the intention to perform a behavior is a construct that is closely linked to the actual behavior (Venkatesh & Speier, 1999) . Davis et al. (1992) argue that people's intentions to use computers in the workplace are influenced mainly by their perception of how useful computers are to improve their work performance and secondarily by the degree of pleasure they have in using the computers themselves only.

References: (Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992; Venkatesh & Speier, 1999)

Note: This diagram only contains the constructs proposed in the original theory/model.

Not available.

Note: This list contains not only the constructs proposed in the original theory/model but also the constructs proposed by the authors that applied the theory/model in a particular context.

Organizational Support

Perceived Complexity

Perceived Ease of Use

Perceived Enjoyment

Perceived Output Quality

Note: This list contains the contexts were the theory/model was used/applied.

Chartmaster and Pendraw

Microcomputer

WriteOne

Note 1: This list contains not only the constructs proposed in the original theory/model but also the constructs proposed by the authors that applied the theory/model in a particular context.
Note 2: Are only presented the constructs that are described in the literature in terms of indicators.

Construct: Organizational Support

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
Management is really keen to see that we are happy using our microcomputers.	Scale 1 to 5, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
Management has provided most of the necessary help and resources to get us used to the microcomputer quickly.	Scale 1 to 5, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
I am always supported and encouraged by my boss to use the microcomputer in my job.	Scale 1 to 5, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
I am convinced that management is sure as to what benefits can be achieved with the use of microcomputers.	Scale 1 to 5, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)

Construct: Perceived Complexity

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
Using a microcomputer can take up too much of my time in performing many tasks.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
When I use a microcomputer, I find it difficult to integrate the work on the computer into my existing work.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
Using a microcomputer exposes me to the vulnerability of computer breakdown and loss of data.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)

Construct: Perceived Ease of Use

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
Learning to operate Chart-Master (Pendraw) would be easy for me.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I would find it easy to get Chart-Master (Pendraw) to do what I want it to do.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
It would be easy for me to become skillful at using Chart-Master (Pendraw).	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I would find Chart-Master (Pendraw) easy to use.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Learning to operate WriteOne would be easy for me.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I would find it easy to get WriteOne to do what I want it to do.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
It would be easy for me to become skillful at using WriteOne.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I would find WriteOne easy to use.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)

Construct: Perceived Enjoyment

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
I would find using Chart-Master (Pendraw) to be enjoyable (likely/unlikely).	Scale 1 to 7	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Using Chart-Master (Pendraw) would be (unpleasant/pleasant).	Scale 1 to 7	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I would have fun using Chart-Master (Pendraw) (likely/unlikely).	Scale 1 to 7	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Using a microcomputer in my job is: pleasant - unpleasant.	Scale 1 to 7	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
Using a microcomputer in my job is: enjoyment - frustrating.	Scale 1 to 7	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
Using a microcomputer in my job is: enjoyable - unenjoyable.	Scale 1 to 7	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
I find using WriteOne to be enjoyable (likely/unlikely).	Scale 1 to 7	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
The actual process of using WriteOne is (unpleasant/pleasant).	Scale 1 to 7	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I have fun using WriteOne (likely/unlikely).	Scale 1 to 7	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)

Construct: Perceived Output Quality

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
Assuming I were to use Chartmaster (Pendraw) the quality of the output I would get would be high (likely/unlikely).	Scale 1 to 7	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Using Chart-Master (Pendraw), the effectiveness of the finished product would be: low/high.	Scale 1 to 7	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
The charts and graphs I would make with Chart-Master (Pendraw) would be professional looking (likely/unlikely).	Scale 1 to 7	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)

Construct: Perceived Usefulness

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
Using Chart-Master (Pendraw) would improve my job performance.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Using Chart-Master (Pendraw) in my job would increase my productivity.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Using Chart-Master (Pendraw) would enhance my effectiveness on the job.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I would find Chart-Master (Pendraw) useful in my job.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Using a microcomputer improves my productivity on the job.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
Using a microcomputer helps me make better decisions by giving me access to higher quality information.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
Using a computer allows me to be more innovative by providing the opportunities for more creative analysis and outputs.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
Using a microcomputer gives me the opportunity to enhance my managerial image.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)
Using WriteOne would improve my performance in the MBA program.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Using WriteOne in the MBA program would increase my productivity.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
Using WriteOne would enhance my effectiveness in the MBA program.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I would find WriteOne useful in the MBA program.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)

Construct: Social Pressure

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
Most people who are important to me in my job think I should be using the microcomputer regularly in my job.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Microcomputer	(Igbaria, Parasuraman, & Baroudi, 1996)

Construct: Task Importance

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
Numeric charts are charts or graphs thar are used to present numerical information in a visual format and include pie charts, bar graphs, line charts, and scatter charts. In my job, numeric charts are: unimportant/important and relevant/irrelevant.	Scale 1 to 7	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)

Construct: Usage

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
At the present time, I consider myself to be a (frequent/infrequent) user of WriteOne.	Scale 1 to 7	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I currently use WriteOne not at all, less than once a week, about once a week, 2 or 3 times a week, 4 to 6 times a week, about once a day, or several times a day.	Scale 1 to 7	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)

Construct: Usage Intentions

Indicator	Scale	Context	Reference(s)
Assuming Chartmaster (Pendraw) would be available on my job, I predict that I would use it on a regular basis in the future.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	Chartmaster and Pendraw	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)
I presently intend to actually use WriteOne regularly in the MBA Program.	Scale 1 to 7, Likely/Unlikely	WriteOne	(Davis, Bagozzi, & Warshaw, 1992)