ISRI - Information Systems Research Indicators

Construct: Voluntariness

Description
Indicators

Note 1: Following are presented the definitions found for the construct in the used references, together with the theory/model.
Note 2: The same construct can be present in more than one theory/model.
Note 3: If the construct was not proposed in the original theory/model, it is identified as "Additional to theory/model".

Definition: The extent to which potential adopters perceive the adoption decision to be non-mandatory.

Theory/model: TAM2
Reference: (Venkatesh & Davis, 2000)

Definition: Not defined.

Theory/model: TAM3
Reference: (Venkatesh & Bala, 2008)

Note 1: This list contains all the indicators (measuring variables) as defined by the authors when proposing/using/applying a theory/model in a context. It also includes the scales used to measure the variables.
Note 2: Some of the indicators are context-dependent.
Note 3: The same construct can be present in more than one theory/model.

Indicator	Scale	Context	Theory/Model	Reference(s)
The group’s use of the flowcharting tool was voluntary.	Scale 1 to 7, Mandatory Setting to Voluntary Setting	Microsoft Word and Microsoft Visio	TTF	(Sarker & Valacich, 2010)

My use of the system is voluntary.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Not Specified	TAM	(Venkatesh & Bala, 2008) (Venkatesh & Davis, 2000)

My supervisor does not require me to use the system.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Not Specified	TAM	(Venkatesh & Bala, 2008) (Venkatesh & Davis, 2000)

Although it might be helpful, using the system is certainly not compulsory in my job.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Not Specified	TAM	(Venkatesh & Bala, 2008) (Venkatesh & Davis, 2000)

My business' use of the Exact card system was voluntary.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Smart Card	TAM	(Plouffe, Hulland, & Vandenbosch, 2001)

Although suggested to my business, using the Exact card system was not compulsory.	Likert 1-7, Strongly Disagree to Agree	Smart Card	TAM	(Plouffe, Hulland, & Vandenbosch, 2001)

My boss does not require me to adopt Windows.	Scale 1 to 7	Microsoft's Windows 3.1 software package	TRA	(Karahanna, Straub, & Chervany, 1999)

Although it might be helpful, adopting Windows is certainly not compulsory in my job.	Scale 1 to 7	Microsoft's Windows 3.1 software package	TRA	(Karahanna, Straub, & Chervany, 1999)